Lab 10: advanced tricks for loading and manipulating files

Agenda
* wildcard expressions
* the global command
* advanced meta editing

# wildcards
?       matches one character
*       matches anything, including nothing
**      matches anything, including nothing, recurses into directories
[abc]   match 'a', 'b' or 'c' 

# advanced file commands
:edit **/*.sh                 open file with wildcards
:e    **/*.sh                 open file with wildcards, short form
:find **/vim.txt              find file with wildcards, uses path & suffixesadd
:next *.txt                   open files using wildcards, multiple results
:arg *.txt                    open files using wildcards, multiple results
:arg ../**/vim.txt            open files using wildcards, multiple results

# jump to file
gf                            file under cursor in full screen
ctrl-w, f                     file under cursor in split

set path=[path]               lookup path for :find, gf, gF, etc.
set suffixesadd=[ext]         auto add extension when using :find, gf, gF, etc.

# backtick expansion
:e `find -name 'script.sh'`   find file using native command
:arg `find -name 'Main.java'` find files using native command, multiple results

# mutli-edits
:argdo [ex-command]           run ex-command on all files in the argument list
:bufdo [ex-command]           run ex-command on all open buffers
:hide argdo                   invoke argdo on hidden buffers
:hide bufdo                   invoke bufdo on hidden buffers
:set hidden                   allow changes to hidden buffers


# global
:[range] g[lobal] /{pattern}/ [cmd]    # syntax of the global command
:g!/[regex]/[command]                  # invert the search result
:vglobal/[regex]/[command]             # invert the search result
:v/[regex]/[command]                   # invert the search result, short form
:g/[regex]/d                           # delete lines matching a regex
:g/[regex]/m$                          # move lines matching a regex
:g/[regex]/s/[query]/[replacement]/g   # for matching lines, run substitute
:g/[regex]/ normal [keys]              # send normal mode keystrokes on match

# example ex-commands usable in combination with global
delete           delete the lines
yank             yank the lines
copy             copy the lines
move             move the lines
substitute       perform substitution on the lines
normal           send a sequence of normal mode keystrokes to the lines

# vimgrep
vimgrep /[expr]/ [files]    search for files containing an expression
vim     /[expr]/ [files]    short form        
vim     //g **/*.txt        repeat last search on all .txt files

# quickfix
:cnext        show next result
:cn           show next result, short form
:cprevious    show previous result
:cp           show previous result, short form
:cfirst       show first result
:clast        show last result
:copen        open the quickfix menu
:cclose       close the quickfix menu
:ccl          close the quickfix menu, short form
:cfdo [cmd]   run the specified ex-command on all matching files 
:cdo [cmd]    run the specified ex-command on all matching lines 

# help pages
:help grep
:help quickfix